[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.anena.cz\/od-barteru-k-bezhotovostnim-penezum\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.anena.cz\/od-barteru-k-bezhotovostnim-penezum\/","headline":"Od barteru k bezhotovostn\u00edm pen\u011bz\u016fm","name":"Od barteru k bezhotovostn\u00edm pen\u011bz\u016fm","description":"Na za\u010d\u00e1tku doch\u00e1zelo ke sm\u011bn\u011b zbo\u017e\u00ed za zbo\u017e\u00ed, tedy tzv. barter. Probl\u00e9m tohoto v\u00fdm\u011bnn\u00e9ho obchodu spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v\u00a0tom, \u017ee oba dva &hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.anena.cz\/od-barteru-k-bezhotovostnim-penezum\/\">More<\/a>","datePublished":"2023-04-26","dateModified":"2023-04-26","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.anena.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"anena.cz\n","url":"https:\/\/www.anena.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/93869824c8aa580f0d16049ad31e69846ffc925e0cbb2826cc9554f53943da69?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/93869824c8aa580f0d16049ad31e69846ffc925e0cbb2826cc9554f53943da69?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"anena.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"url":"https:\/\/www.anena.cz\/od-barteru-k-bezhotovostnim-penezum\/","about":["Pen\u00edze"],"wordCount":416,"articleBody":"Na za\u010d\u00e1tku doch\u00e1zelo ke sm\u011bn\u011b zbo\u017e\u00ed za zbo\u017e\u00ed, tedy tzv. barter. Probl\u00e9m tohoto v\u00fdm\u011bnn\u00e9ho obchodu spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v\u00a0tom, \u017ee oba dva \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci obchodu se mus\u00ed dohodnout na v\u00fdm\u011bn\u011b zbo\u017e\u00ed, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b te\u010f k\u00a0dispozici. Pokud by dan\u00e9 zbo\u017e\u00ed nem\u011bli, je pot\u0159eba zkonstruovat \u201e\u0159et\u011bz v\u00fdm\u011bn\u201c. V\u00fdm\u011bnn\u00fd obchod je tak velmi \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd, neefektivn\u00ed a doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0poklesu produktivity pr\u00e1ce a v\u00fdroby, proto\u017ee si lid\u00e9 n\u011bkter\u00e9 v\u011bci zase musej\u00ed vyr\u00e1b\u011bt sami.Tento probl\u00e9m tak vy\u0159e\u0161il vznik pen\u011bz, proto\u017ee lze rozd\u011blit sm\u011bnu zbo\u017e\u00ed na dva procesy. Zbo\u017e\u00ed nejd\u0159\u00edve sm\u011bn\u00edme za pen\u00edze a pot\u00e9 pen\u00edze za jin\u00e9 zbo\u017e\u00ed. T\u00edm doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0velk\u00e9 \u00faspo\u0159e transak\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f.Jako prvn\u00ed plnilo funkci pen\u011bzzbo\u017e\u00ed, kter\u00e9 bylo univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b i vz\u00e1cn\u00e9, nap\u0159\u00edklad pl\u00e1tno, tab\u00e1k \u010di ko\u0159en\u00ed. Toto zbo\u017e\u00ed bylo p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1no ne proto, \u017ee danou v\u011bc lid\u00e9 cht\u011bli spot\u0159ebovat, ale proto, \u017ee ji pozd\u011bji mohli sm\u011bnit za jin\u00e9 zbo\u017e\u00ed.Pozd\u011bji vznikly plnohodnotn\u00e9 pen\u00edze, kter\u00e9 se razily ze vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch kov\u016f, hlavn\u011b zlata a st\u0159\u00edbra. Tyto kovy byly pou\u017eity proto\u017ee:&#8211; jsou pom\u011brn\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 a nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 rychle nav\u00fd\u0161it jejich mno\u017estv\u00ed&#8211; i mal\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed m\u00e1 velkou hodnotu&#8211; jsou to u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 kovy, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed hodnotu \u201esamy o sob\u011b\u201c, nap\u0159\u00edklad ve \u0161perka\u0159stv\u00ed&#8211; jsou m\u011bkk\u00e9, snadno d\u011bliteln\u00e9 a velmi trval\u00e9, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nepodl\u00e9haj\u00ed koroziI tyto pen\u00edze se v\u0161ak pozd\u011bji stali nepohodln\u00e9, proto\u017ee byly t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 a opot\u0159ebov\u00e1vali se. D\u00e1le tak\u00e9 nastal probl\u00e9m s\u00a0pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed z\u00e1sobou, zlata za\u010dal b\u00fdt nedostatek a tak vznikly bankovky. Manipulace s\u00a0pap\u00edrov\u00fdmi pen\u011bzi byla jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed, ale na druhou stranu vznikla i hrozba nadm\u011brn\u00e9ho vyd\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pen\u011bz, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e nebyly kryty zlatem, a mohlo doch\u00e1zet ke vzniku inflace.Dnes u\u017e se b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed bezhotovostn\u00ed pen\u00edze, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1me ulo\u017eeny v\u00a0bance. Banka tyto na\u0161e pen\u00edze d\u00e1le p\u016fj\u010duje dal\u0161\u00edm lidem, nepodnik\u00e1 tak s\u00a0vlastn\u00edmi pen\u011bzi, ale s\u00a0pen\u011bzi sv\u00fdch st\u0159adatel\u016f, kter\u00fdm za to vypl\u00e1c\u00ed \u00farok.\u00a0                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.8\/5 - (6 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Od barteru k bezhotovostn\u00edm pen\u011bz\u016fm","item":"https:\/\/www.anena.cz\/od-barteru-k-bezhotovostnim-penezum\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]